BankThink

Bitcoin's benefiting from a false sense of shortage

Bitcoin has profited from the perception that it is scarce, but that perception is wrong.

The crypto-world describes two ways to achieve value in a cryptocurrency. It has suggested that "saver coins" are the best way to achieve lasting savings. The argument is that a rising price, such as bitcoin has enjoyed, is an important deflationary component to successful long-term savings.

"Spender coins," on the other hand, are theoretically inflationary and are not good long-term stores of value. The argument is that as the price of everything goes up, a coin that actually buys things will automatically decrease in value. According to experts and many recent blog posts, this makes "spender coins" a poor choice as a way to build value over the long run.

Bitcoins
A collection of bitcoin tokens sit in this arranged photograph in London, U.K., on Wednesday, Jan. 4, 2017. The electronic coin that trades and is regulated like oil and gold surged 79 percent since the start of 2016 to $778, its highest level since early 2014. Photographer: Chris Ratcliffe/Bloomberg
Chris Ratcliffe/Bloomberg

This line of thinking has many mistakes, but the greatest one is a complete misunderstanding of the meaning of value. A currency, crypto or otherwise, only has value because it can be converted into something the holder wants. Dollars can be converted into a house or a car or a meal, so dollars have value.

What individuals who argue that bitcoin is a "saver coin" forget is that bitcoin only has value because it can be converted into dollars. While the original intention was to create a way for anonymous transactions, most people own bitcoin for the potential price appreciation. They have no intention of ever buying anything with their Bitcoin without first converting the cryptocurrency into dollars, or Euros or some other national currency.

It’s true that some retailers are beginning to accept bitcoin as payment, but the bill that is being paid is still expressed in dollars. Accepting bitcoin is just a way to make paying in dollars (or Euros or some other national currency) easier. The retailer does the conversion to dollars, and gets a marketing edge over competitors by accepting bitcoin.

Acceptance and use determine value, not intention. The price of bitcoin has skyrocketed because more and more people are accepting it as a legitimate investment. It’s that simple. Any coin that grows in acceptance and use will see an increase in value. This happens with national currencies too. A loss of confidence in a national currency causes an increase in the acceptance and use of dollars (or Euros or some other national currency) in that nation.

No one can overcome the laws of supply and demand over the long run. Gold has value in part because it is rare. All the gold that has ever been mined in the history of the world would fill less than 3 1/2 Olympic swimming pools. Bitcoin has profited from a perception that it is scarce, but that perception is a mistake.

First of all, every Bitcoin can be broken down into 100 million Satoshi. This is the real unit of the cryptocurrency. In addition, new bitcoin is being added to the supply continually.

Although the new cryptocurrencies have names like "Bitcoin Cash" or “Bitcoin Gold," they have value because of their association with bitcoin and effectively increase the total supply of the bitcoin "brand."

The acceptance and use of a cryptocurrency gives it real long-term value. This is the next development in the world of blockchain, and it is already taking place. Political arguments regarding decentralized authority are less important than the real-world goods and services that can be obtained with the coin.

For reprint and licensing requests for this article, click here.
Bitcoin Digital payments Investments Retailers ISO and agent Cryptocurrency
MORE FROM AMERICAN BANKER