(Bloomberg) --
The bank backed off its ban on lending to companies that make assault-style guns used for non-military purposes. Rather, the firm will make such decisions on a case-by-case basis with senior risk officers, according to its latest environmental and social risk policy
"Certain client relationships or transactions that carry heightened risks go through a due diligence process that involves senior level risk review," a
Republican-led states are targeting financial institutions for adopting environmental, social and governance policies that limit business with the firearms or fossil fuels industries. Texas restricts government work with companies that "discriminate" against firearms entities or "boycott" oil and gas companies. A new Florida law requires banks to attest that they don't — in the words of the state's chief financial officer — "politically discriminate." The pullback in
The pressure campaign has hurt the public finance business of banks who have such approaches.
If a financial institution is found not to comply with that law, they could be disqualified as an approved bank or face civil fines or lawsuits by Florida's attorney general, according to a report by law firm Mintz.
Business Recovering
The move appears to be working. The firm's bankers have told muni market participants in Texas that they feel more comfortable doing deals now that the firearms policy has changed, according to a person familiar with the matter.
After the Texas legislation went into effect in 2021,
But so far in 2024, the bank is credited with underwriting about $1.1 billion of Texas muni deals, compared to about $278 million during the same period in 2023, according to data compiled by Bloomberg.
More deals are in the pipeline:
Parkland Shooting
In 2018,
"It's our intention not to finance these military-style firearms for civilian use," Anne Finucane, then-vice chairman at
At the time, pro-gun groups like the National Shooting Sports Foundation swiftly criticized the lending limits. Three years later, Texas enacted a law that targeted banks over firearms restrictions.
Now
That backs down from its stance in a 2022 policy document, which said
An Environmental and Social Risk Policy Framework published by the bank in 2019 described financing certain gunmakers as "contrary to our values, operating principles and Code of Conduct."
Dru Stevenson, a professor at the South Texas College of Law who studies firearm regulation, said his initial take is that the move "is a workaround by the bank rather than a true change in their perspective."
Obscurity around the financing policy will help the bank as it tries to avoid the ire of both liberal-leaning activist groups and Republican state officials, according to Stevenson. "It seems like a brilliant move by
It's appropriate for banks to use heightened due diligence when considering lending to military-style weapons manufacturers, said Josh Scharff, general counsel for Brady, a gun violence prevention organization. If that approach is "done well," it would likely screen out financing to these companies because of the reputation and litigation risks posed by the sector, he said.
Energy Change
A separate 2021 Texas law targeted banks and asset managers for restricting work with oil, gas and coal companies — legislation that's spread to other states.
But the bank's December 2023 policy says those decisions would instead be subject to heightened due diligence and be reviewed by senior risk officials. That change was reported earlier this year by the New York Times.
That's not the only example of finance companies pulling back from their commitments on climate. Money managers have left Climate Action 100+, an investor group formed in 2017 to fight climate change.
The war on Wall Street has spread to Washington. During a Senate Banking Committee hearing in December, Ohio Republican JD Vance warned the heads of Wall Street's biggest banks to stay out of public policy issues such as firearms, or risk losing Republican support on issues like tax breaks or regulations.